What distinguishes selective pesticides from non-selective pesticides?

Selective pesticides specifically target certain pests while minimizing the impact on beneficial organisms, such as pollinators, predators, and other non-target species. This selectivity is crucial in integrated pest management, where the goal is to control pest populations while preserving the health of the ecosystem. By reducing harm to beneficial organisms, selective pesticides help maintain natural pest control mechanisms and promote biodiversity.

In contrast, non-selective pesticides affect a wide range of organisms, including both pests and beneficial species. This broader impact can lead to ecological imbalances, as beneficial species that contribute positively to pest management may be harmed or eliminated by the use of non-selective products.

The other choices do not accurately describe the distinction. For instance, selective pesticides are not effective on all pests, and they are not necessarily systemic. Some selective pesticides can be contact pesticides, and they can vary in their mode of action. Therefore, the defining characteristic of selective pesticides is their targeted action and reduced impact on beneficial organisms.