Which of the following is not one of the categories of treatment in an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program?

In an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program, the treatment categories are designed to provide a comprehensive approach to pest control by integrating different management strategies. The correct answer identifies "Digital" as the category that does not belong among the established methods of pest management.

The main categories typically recognized in IPM include cultural, biological, and chemical treatments.

• Cultural practices involve modifying farming practices or habits to make the environment less conducive to pest invasions. This can include crop rotation, adjusting planting times, and maintaining healthy soil.

• Biological controls refer to the use of natural predators or parasites to manage pest populations. This can involve introducing beneficial insects or using microbial pesticides.

• Chemical methods involve the application of pesticides to control pests when other methods may not be effective.

The absence of "Digital" indicates that while technology can be leveraged in IPM through tools such as monitoring systems or data analysis for pest management strategies, it is not classified as a standalone treatment category itself. Therefore, the correct answer demonstrates a key understanding of the traditional components of IPM and highlights how digital tools are supportive rather than a primary method of pest management.